Body Lice Bites: Steps to Identifying and Treating Them
Medically reviewed by Jane Kim, MDMedically reviewed by Jane Kim, MDBody lice (Pediculus humanus corporis) are different from head lice or pubic lice . Body lice bites are small, discolored, and accompanied by a rash that looks like a scrape. There are many ways to eradicate an infestation, described ahead. This article discusses how to recognize body lice bites, where body lice come from, and tips for getting rid of body lice and soothing symptoms.
Related: Causes and Treatments for Itchy Skin (Pruritus)
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Recognizing Body Lice BitesBody lice are the size of sesame seeds and are oblong. Bites are small and grouped together, often accompanied by a rash resembling a scrape.Bites can be found anywhere on the body, but are most often found on the upper thighs, groin, and waist. Bites can appear red, purple, or brown depending on skin tone. The most common symptom and sensation is intense itching (pruritus).
ComplicationsBody lice bites can be so itchy and irritating that people often scratch them and develop sores. Since body lice carry bacteria, bites and sores are at risk of causing a bacterial infection and an allergic reaction. If body lice go untreated, the bites can cover a large area and cause skin thickening or discoloration (darkening).
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Where Do Body Lice Come From?There are several ways in which lice are acquired and transmitted (passed from person to person).Environment and Living SituationsBody lice are more resistant to environmental conditions than head or pubic lice. They can survive in lower-humidity environments and live for more than 72 hours outside their host. Body lice infestations are less frequent than other lice infestations but do occur. Body lice are found in living situations in which personal care and clothes washing are not regular. People experiencing homelessness are particularly vulnerable to body lice. Body lice are associated with poor hygiene, lack of sanitation, overcrowding, and damp and cold weather.
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TransmissionBody lice are transmitted through contact with someone who has body lice. This can be from skin-to-skin contact or from sharing personal items. These include clothing, beds and bedding, and towels.Body lice can spread diseases including:Trench feverTyphusRelapsing feverBody lice can spread quickly in:People experiencing homelessnessSurvivors of war or natural disastersRefugees
Resources for People Experiencing HomelessnessIf you or someone you know is experiencing homelessness, resources, services, and support are available from the following sources:Adults, teens, and children: Dial 211 or visit 211.org to find temporary shelter and resources in your local community.Youth: Dial 800-786-2929 or visit 1800runaway.com to access the National Runaway Safeline and learn about available services and support.Veterans: Dial 877-4AID-VET (877-424-3838) or visit the National Call Center for Homeless Veterans.All resources listed provide free and confidential information about services and support available. They are available 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
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Body Lice Removal Steps to Start NowThere are ways to get rid of body lice as naturally as possible. Consider starting the following steps:Take regular showers to get rid of lice and eggs.Change into machine-washed clothes at least once a week.Wash other items, including towels and bedding, at least once a week.Use hot water (at least 130 degrees F) when washing laundry.Use the hot cycle for drying.Avoid sharing personal items with a person with body lice.Dry clean items that are not washable or seal them in a plastic bag for two weeks.In severe cases, topical lice-killing medicine known as peduculicides, such as Nix (permethrin), may be necessary. Oral medication, such as Stromectol (ivermectin), may be prescribed by your healthcare provider.For body lice infestations, fumigating or dusting the environment with chemical insecticides can help control and prevent spreading.
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Treatment for Body Lice Skin SymptomsTreatment for body lice skin symptoms may include using a skin cream or body wash containing:Permethrin (an insecticide)Malathion (insecticide)Benzyl alcohol (antimicrobial)To soothe itchy skin and get a better sleep, consider trying the following:Apply a cold cloth or ice pack until itch stops.Take an oatmeal bath.Moisturize your skin with an unscented and additive-free option.Apply menthol or calamine (for a cooling sensation).If necessary, apply topical anti-itch cream or anesthetic that contains pramoxine.
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How to Know If Body Lice Are GoneWhen body lice are gone, symptoms such as itching will resolve. You won’t see any lice in your clothing, bedding or on your body. No new bites will occur. When in doubt, consult with a healthcare provider.
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SummaryBody lice live in clothing and on skin. They are mostly found in overcrowded and unsanitary living conditions.Bites are itchy. Scratching can lead to complications. Treatments include getting rid of body lice by washing frequently, applying creams as needed, or taking prescription medication if necessary. Remedies for soothing itch can help until symptoms resolve. Read the original article on Verywell Health.
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